Mathematics Educational Standards Supported and Reinforced by Thematic Unit Study Guide "The Civil War in Charleston and the Confederate Submarine H.L. Hunley".
Grades Four and Five Mathematics Standards
Numbers and Operations
STANDARD I. Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems.
EXPECTATION A. Understand the place-value structure of the base-ten number system and be able to represent and compare whole numbers and decimals.STANDARD II. Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another.
EXPECTATION B. Recognize equivalent representations for the same number and generate them by decomposing and composing numbers.
EXPECTATION C. Develop understanding of fractions as parts of unit wholes, as parts of a collection, as locations on number lines, and as divisions of whole numbers.
EXPECTATION E. Recognize and generate equivalent forms of commonly used fractions, decimals, and percents.
EXPECTATION A. Understand various meanings of multiplication and division.STANDARD III. Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates.
EXPECTATION B. Understand the effects of multiplying and dividing whole numbers.
EXPECTATION C. Identify and use relationships between operations, such as division as the inverse of multiplication, to solve problems.
EXPECTATION D. Understand and use properties of operations, such as the distributivity of multiplication over addition.
EXPECTATION A. Develop fluency with basic number combinations for multiplication and division and use these combinations to mentally compute related problems, such as 30 x 50.STANDARD I. Understand patterns, relations, and functions.
EXPECTATION B. Develop fluency in adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing whole numbers.
EXPECTATION C. Develop and use strategies to estimate the results of whole-number computations and to judge the reasonableness of such results.
EXPECTATION D. Develop and use strategies to estimate computations involving fractions and decimals in situations relevant to students’ experience.
EXPECTATION F. Select appropriate methods and tools for computing with whole numbers from among mental computation, estimation, calculators, and paper and pencil according to the context and nature of the computation and use the selected method or tool.Algebra
EXPECTATION B. Represent and analyze patterns and functions, using words, tables, and graphs.STANDARD II. Represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures using algebraic symbols.
EXPECTATION A. Identify such properties as commutativity, associativity, and distributivity and use them to compute with whole numbers.STANDARD III. Use mathematical models to represent and understand quantitative relationships.
EXPECTATION B. Represent the idea of a variable as an unknown quantity using a letter or a symbol.
EXPECTATION C. Express mathematical relationships using equations.
EXPECTATION A. Model problem situations with objects and use representations such as graphs, tables, and equations to draw conclusions.STANDARD IV. Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems.Geometry
EXPECTATION A. Build and draw geometric objects.STANDARD I. Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement.
EXPECTATION B. Create and describe mental images of objects, patterns, and paths.Measurement
EXPECTATION A. Understand such attributes as length, area, weight, volume, and size of angle and select the appropriate type of unit for measuring each attribute.STANDARD I. Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer them.
EXPECTATION B. Understand the need for measuring with standard units and become familiar with standard units in the customary and metric systems.
EXPECTATION C. Carry out simple unit conversions, such as from centimeters to meters, within a system of measurement.
EXPECTATION D. Understand that measurements are approximations and understand how differences in units affect precision.Data Analysis
EXPECTATION A. Design investigations to address a question and consider how data-collection methods affect the nature of the data set.Standard I. Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems.
EXPECTATION B. Collect data using observations, surveys, and experiments
EXPECTATION C. Represent data using tables and graphs such as line plots, bar graphs, and line graphs.
Grades Six, Seven and Eight Mathematics Standards Numbers and Operations
Expectation A. Work flexibly with fractions, decimals, and percents to solve problems.Standard II. Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another.1. Show the relationship among fractions, decimals, and percents.Expectation G. Develop meaning for integers and represent and compare quantities with them.
2. Write and use the appropriate equivalent forms of whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and percents.
3. Solve real-world problems involving fractions, decimals, and percents.1. Use integers to describe real-world phenomena in order to develop meanings for integers.
2. Compare and order integers.
Expectation A. Understand the meaning and effects of arithmetic operations with fractions, decimals, and integers.Standard III. Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates.1. Explain the meaning and effects of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing.
2. Explain the meaning and effects of arithmetic operations with integers.
Expectation A. Select appropriate methods and tools for computing with fractions and decimals from among mental computation, estimation, calculators or computers, and paper and pencil, depending on the situation, and apply the selected methods.STANDARD I. Understand patterns, relations, and functions.1. Select appropriate methods and tools to solve problems requiring the addition and subtraction of fractions and decimals.Expectation B. Develop and analyze algorithms for computing with fractions, decimals, and integers and develop fluency in their use.
2. Applying all operations to fractions, decimals, and integers, select appropriate methods and tools to solve problems.
3. Select appropriate methods and tools to solve problems requiring the use of rational numbers.1. Using models, divide commonly used fractions (including decimals).
2. Use models and numbers to develop and analyze algorithms with fractions and decimals.
3. Use models and numbers to develop and analyze the algorithms for computing with integers.
4. Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions (including decimals) to solve a variety of applied and mathematical problems.
5. Add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers to solve a variety of applied and mathematical problems.
6. Compute with rational numbers to solve a variety of applied and mathematical problems.Algebra
EXPECTATION A. Represent, analyze, and generalize a variety of patterns with tables, graphs, words, and, when possible, symbolic rules.STANDARD II. Represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures using algebraic symbols.
EXPECTATION B. Relate and compare different forms of representations for a relationship.
EXPECTATION A. Develop an initial conceptual understanding of different uses of variables.STANDARD III. Use mathematical models to represent and understand quantitative relationships.
EXPECTATION C. Use symbolic algebra to represent situations and to solve problems, especially those that involve linear relationships.
EXPECTATION D. Recognize and generate equivalent forms for simple algebraic expressions and solve linear equations.
EXPECTATION A. Model and solve contextualized problems using various representations, such as graphs, tables, and equations.STANDARD IV. Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometry modeling to solve problems.Geometry
EXPECTATION A. Draw geometric objects with specified properties, such as side lengths or angle measures.
EXPECTATION B. Use two-dimensional representations of three-dimensional objects to visualize and solve problems such as those involving surface area and volume.
Back to page on South Carolina Educational Standards
The South Carolina Department of Education has established educational standards for different subjects and grade levels. A full discussion and complete listing of these standards can be seen on the State Department of Education web site at (http://www.myscschools.com/offices/cso/).
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